Epidemiological Features of Tuberculosis in the Industrial Megapolis of the Middle Urals

Abstract

Tuberculosis, as a socially significant infectious disease, common among all age groups of the population, remains a serious public health problem. The aim of the study. To study the epidemiological features of the incidence of tuberculosis among the population in an industrial metropolis, using the example of Ekaterinburg, for 2011–2020. Materials and methods. A retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of active tuberculosis among the population of Ekaterinburg for 2011–2020 was carried out. Results. During the analyzed period, there was a decrease in the incidence of active tuberculosis among the population of Ekaterinburg by 2 times, which indicates the effectiveness of anti-epidemic (preventive) measures, the maximum incidence rate was observed in 2015 — 79.5 ⁰/₀₀₀₀. The incidence rates among adults ranged from 43.0 ⁰/₀₀₀₀ to 92.2 ⁰/₀₀₀₀, and among the child population from 7.5 ⁰/₀₀₀₀ to 27.1 ⁰/₀₀₀₀. Conclusions. A decrease in the incidence of active tuberculosis among the population of Ekaterinburg was revealed. The main contribution to the development of the epidemic process of tuberculosis is made by the adult population. Among the children under 14 years of age, the risk group is children aged 7–14 years, as